a) Model prediction error for year 2018 (mean NDVI)
Model PMSE PMAE Wasserstein metric
MR ARMA 0.046 0.182 0.152
GLS 0.043 0.178 0.204
MCM with Ncopula 0.084 0.237 0.043
MCM with \(t\)-copula 0.083 0.236 0.041
BN 0.037 0.157 0.087
ARMA-EGARCH 0.025 0.123 0.107
 
b) Model prediction error for year 2018 (maximum NDVI)
Model PMSE PMAE Wasserstein metric
MR ARMA 0.0661 0.2430 0.1522
GLS 0.0799 0.2697 0.2043
MCM with Ncopula 0.0118 0.0828 0.0226
MCM with \(t\)-copula 0.0103 0.0792 0.0216
BN 0.0129 0.0825 0.0334
ARMA-EGARCH 0.0074 0.0257 0.0862